1. Potsdam Conference
Took place in Cecelienhof, Potsdam. It involved the Soviet Union, the United States and the United Kingdom. The conference was held after the Labour Party’s victory over the Conservatives and they meet to discuss how they were going to administer Nazi Germany. Next, they discussed post-war order and issues that had to do with the peace treaties and the countering effects of war.
2. Long Telegram (X Article)
This was published in the Foreign Affairs magazine in July of 1947 and was written by George F. Kennan. In his article Kennan tells his opinions and his views of the Soviets.
3. Iron Curtain
This was the boundary that divided Europe into two separate regions towards the end of World War II. The Iron Curtain separated Western from Eastern Europe and the Berlin Wall. The Berlin Wall later fell on September 11, 1989.
4. GDR
GDR stands for the German Democratic Republic, but in Germany it is known as the DDR. It existed from 1949 to 1990 and the GDR was a self declared socialist state.
5. Satellite Nations
This is the term that is used for a country that is independent but still under heavy influence or control of a mother country. During a war the satellite nations act as a buffer zone between the enemy country and the nation that has control over them.
6. Containment
One of the U.S. philosophies of keeping communism within its existing boundaries and preventing its further expansion. It would enhance America's security and keep it from causing the domino effect.
7. Brezhnev Doctrine
One of the Soviet Unions foreign policies. Leonid Brezhnev, who was in power during this time created it. This doctrine was used to justify the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia and the invasion of Hungary. It was meant to put an end to Democratic liberalization.
8. Occupation Zones
The allied powers who defeared Germany in WW2 divided the country west of the Oder-Neisse line into 4 occupation zones for administrative reasons during the period of 1945-49. In the end of the fighting in Europe, American forces had pushed beyond the previously agreed boundaries for the future zones of occupation.
9. Berlin Blockade
This was aka the German hold-up, it was one of the first major international crises of the Cold War and the first cold war international crisis that resulted in a casualty. During World War II the Soviet Union blocked the Western force's railway and road access to the western sectors of Berlin that they had been controlling. Their aim was to force the western powers to allow the Soviet-controlled regions to start supplying Berlin with food and fuel,which would give them practical control over the entire city.
10. De-Stalinization
This was the process of eliminating the cult of personality and Stalinist political system created by Soviet leader Joseph Stalin. It also put an end to the role of large-scale forced labor in the economy.
11. Hungarian Revolution
This was a revolt against the Stalinist form of government inside Hungary. At first, it was just a bunch of students having a rally, but after more people came, violence erupted and caused a revolution all throughout the country. Politburo pretended it was going to give the people what they wanted, but later went behind their backs and crushed the revolution.
12. Arms Race
I'm guessing that this is the Nuclear arms race rather than just any regular arms race. This was a competition to see which country could get the best nuclear weapon, US or Soviet Union. Both nations eventually began work trying to create the Hydrogen bomb. Eventually, nuclear submarines were made and we use them in the modern US. The nuclear arms race was filled with secrecy and caused the KGB and CIA to do espionage on the other country.
13. Détente
A french term that translates to relaxing, this was used in the Cold War between the USSR and US. They used this in order to lessen the tension between the two towards the latter part of the war. NATO and Warsaw thought the nuclear arms both countries were producing would not be able to sustain the economies, so they both decided to lessen the tension.
14. Nikita Khrushchev
Leader of the Soviet Union after death of Stalin. He is responsible for the de-Stalinization of Russia, and the Space Race. He was later removed from office and replaced by Leonid Brezhnev.
15.Viet Cong
Army in South Vietnam that was "pro" North Korea. They caused the American and South Vietnamese soldiers to fight not only in South Vietnam, but also in North. They used Guerilla warfare and were devastating in the War. They are known for the Tet Offensive in which they attacked an embassy and many urban cities.
Thursday, May 21, 2009
Saturday, May 16, 2009
Chinese SAQ
Why was Japan in a position of power over China during WWI? How did this enable the Japanese mindset for their move into Manchuria?
1. The Japanese maintained power in China during WWI because they were allied with the Axis, and also had a large military. The League of Nations never did anything, so hey were able to take over them whenever they wanted and through use bombs. This helped the Japanese invade Manchuria because they were able to take over it because it was in such poor living habitations.
Why was communism so appealing to the masses in China? How did Mao capitalize on this?
2.Communism was so appealing to the masses in China because it was all about equality. At this point in time, they had already been invaded by Japan, and wanted somebody to change their government and fix their lifestyle. They also wanted their voices to be heard. Mao used these peoples needs by on this by going to the country side where all the peasants and told them about capatilism.
Why do you think Mao labeled the “Cultural Revolution” as such if its events didn’t really warrant it? What other time period in history can you compare it to?
3. Mao labeled the movement "Cultural Revolution" to make it seem very appealing to his country's people. This was just a simple propaganda technique where they used a half truth and supported in with bogus reasons. This can be compared to Hitler's conquering of the Sudetenland and surrounding areas.
1. The Japanese maintained power in China during WWI because they were allied with the Axis, and also had a large military. The League of Nations never did anything, so hey were able to take over them whenever they wanted and through use bombs. This helped the Japanese invade Manchuria because they were able to take over it because it was in such poor living habitations.
Why was communism so appealing to the masses in China? How did Mao capitalize on this?
2.Communism was so appealing to the masses in China because it was all about equality. At this point in time, they had already been invaded by Japan, and wanted somebody to change their government and fix their lifestyle. They also wanted their voices to be heard. Mao used these peoples needs by on this by going to the country side where all the peasants and told them about capatilism.
Why do you think Mao labeled the “Cultural Revolution” as such if its events didn’t really warrant it? What other time period in history can you compare it to?
3. Mao labeled the movement "Cultural Revolution" to make it seem very appealing to his country's people. This was just a simple propaganda technique where they used a half truth and supported in with bogus reasons. This can be compared to Hitler's conquering of the Sudetenland and surrounding areas.
Sunday, April 19, 2009
WWII Term Definitions
Invasion of Poland- Began world War II, and was a attack that was coordinated by both Russia and Germany. After the invasion, the U.K, New Zealand, and Australia entered the war. These countries really didn't help much, and caused Poland to be destroyed and broken up into different pieces.
Blitzkrieg- Means lightning strike in German. This is a full frontal tank attack on the enemy followed by the infantry. After the tanks break through the defenses, they keep going until they reach their destination. Very effective and used by Germany as a main tactics. They allies never knew when the Germans would attack.
Nazi-Soviet nonagression pact- Also called Molotov- Ribbentrop Pact after the foreign ministers of their respective countries. Held up until Germany executed Operation Barbarossa and invaded the Soviet Union. Was a secret protocol causing all of europe to be seperated into spheres of influence of mainly Russia and Germany. This addition of land to Russia's sphere of influence allowed them to take over east european countries. They did this in exchange for attacking Poland with Germany.
Tripartite Pact- Officially founded the Axis powers of Japan, Germany, and Italy. Signed in Berlin and basically told U.S that they should stay out of the war, or face fighting a two front war against Japan and the European countries. Italy later surrendered to the Allies in 1943.
Anti Comintern Pact- The two countries involved, Japan and Germany, agreed that Communism was going to try and take over all other states by force and that these two countries would never form a treaty with the Commies.
Operation Barbarossa- Code name for Germany's invasion of Russia. This invasion failed, but Germany gained control of several key locations of economical importance. Namely the Ukraine. This is also the largest attack launched in all of history.
Winston Churchill- Prime minister of Great Britain and had great relations with Roosevelt. This relationship secured valuable trade including food, weapons, and other important wartime materials. Supposedly led a phony war that didn't really attack Germany on land, only the sea.
Atlantic Charter- Basically the Allied countries and US met in a secret meeting called the Atlantic Conference. The Atlantic Charter was a press release written by Sir Alexander Codagan. In this meeting, Churchill was pressing Roosevelt to declare war.
Pearl Harbor- Originally planned by the Japanese to prevent the US from influencing their Pacific front war. However, the plan backfired and caused US entrance into the war. It was also a surprise attack.
D-Day- First day of landing on Normandy Beach in Operation Neptune. The beach was seperated into Utah, Omaha, Gold, Sword, and Juno. It was both Amphibious landing and air drops, and there were upwards of 10,000 casualties in one day of only Allied Forces!
Stalingrad- Location of a battle between Nazi Germany and the Soviets. The two bodies fought over the area and was an extremely bloody battle. 2 million people were killed and there were large amounts of POWs. The city was alongside the Volga and Stalin used this as a valuable transport route.
Midway- This battle was a naval one, and extremely important part of the Pacific Campaign. The US inflicted a devastating blow against the Imperial navy at the Midway Atoll and caused the Japanese to be driven backwards. The japanese tried to set up a trap, but the Americans unlocked their codes and set up a trap for them.
Hiroshima and Nagasaki- Harry Truman dropped two atomic bombs Little Boy (Hiroshima) and Fat Man (Nagasaki) on these two major Japanese cities. The population mainly being civilians, 220,000 people were killed and others later by leukemia and cancer. It caused the Japanese to surender to the US, and are the only war time atomic bomb droppings ever.
Robert Oppenheimer- Father of the Atomic Bomb, he created it for the US at the secret Los Alamos National Laboratory. Quoted the Bhagavad Gita after seeing the explosions.
Yalta Conference- Stalin, Churchill, and Roosevelt met at this secret codenamed Argonaut meeting. This discussed post war Europe and how it would have to be governed and organized. Roosevelt wanted Soviet help in the Pacific Campaign, UK wanted help with Poland, and Soviet Union wanted a bigger sphere of influence.
F.D.R- This nickname is short for Franklin Delano Roosevelt the president of the United States during most of WWII as the 32 president. His office was taken over by Truman. FDR had a good relationship with Churchill.
Dwight D. Eisenhower- US general during the war that headed the invasion of germany and france. Later became president of the United States. First Supreme commander of NATO
NATO- Short for North Atlantic Treaty Organization. It is a military alliance between european states and the U.S. It is now headquartered in Brussels.
Warsaw Pact- The Soviet's response to NATO. Warsaw pact is the organization of communist states in europe. These two warring groups eventually cause the Cold War.
Blitzkrieg- Means lightning strike in German. This is a full frontal tank attack on the enemy followed by the infantry. After the tanks break through the defenses, they keep going until they reach their destination. Very effective and used by Germany as a main tactics. They allies never knew when the Germans would attack.
Nazi-Soviet nonagression pact- Also called Molotov- Ribbentrop Pact after the foreign ministers of their respective countries. Held up until Germany executed Operation Barbarossa and invaded the Soviet Union. Was a secret protocol causing all of europe to be seperated into spheres of influence of mainly Russia and Germany. This addition of land to Russia's sphere of influence allowed them to take over east european countries. They did this in exchange for attacking Poland with Germany.
Tripartite Pact- Officially founded the Axis powers of Japan, Germany, and Italy. Signed in Berlin and basically told U.S that they should stay out of the war, or face fighting a two front war against Japan and the European countries. Italy later surrendered to the Allies in 1943.
Anti Comintern Pact- The two countries involved, Japan and Germany, agreed that Communism was going to try and take over all other states by force and that these two countries would never form a treaty with the Commies.
Operation Barbarossa- Code name for Germany's invasion of Russia. This invasion failed, but Germany gained control of several key locations of economical importance. Namely the Ukraine. This is also the largest attack launched in all of history.
Winston Churchill- Prime minister of Great Britain and had great relations with Roosevelt. This relationship secured valuable trade including food, weapons, and other important wartime materials. Supposedly led a phony war that didn't really attack Germany on land, only the sea.
Atlantic Charter- Basically the Allied countries and US met in a secret meeting called the Atlantic Conference. The Atlantic Charter was a press release written by Sir Alexander Codagan. In this meeting, Churchill was pressing Roosevelt to declare war.
Pearl Harbor- Originally planned by the Japanese to prevent the US from influencing their Pacific front war. However, the plan backfired and caused US entrance into the war. It was also a surprise attack.
D-Day- First day of landing on Normandy Beach in Operation Neptune. The beach was seperated into Utah, Omaha, Gold, Sword, and Juno. It was both Amphibious landing and air drops, and there were upwards of 10,000 casualties in one day of only Allied Forces!
Stalingrad- Location of a battle between Nazi Germany and the Soviets. The two bodies fought over the area and was an extremely bloody battle. 2 million people were killed and there were large amounts of POWs. The city was alongside the Volga and Stalin used this as a valuable transport route.
Midway- This battle was a naval one, and extremely important part of the Pacific Campaign. The US inflicted a devastating blow against the Imperial navy at the Midway Atoll and caused the Japanese to be driven backwards. The japanese tried to set up a trap, but the Americans unlocked their codes and set up a trap for them.
Hiroshima and Nagasaki- Harry Truman dropped two atomic bombs Little Boy (Hiroshima) and Fat Man (Nagasaki) on these two major Japanese cities. The population mainly being civilians, 220,000 people were killed and others later by leukemia and cancer. It caused the Japanese to surender to the US, and are the only war time atomic bomb droppings ever.
Robert Oppenheimer- Father of the Atomic Bomb, he created it for the US at the secret Los Alamos National Laboratory. Quoted the Bhagavad Gita after seeing the explosions.
Yalta Conference- Stalin, Churchill, and Roosevelt met at this secret codenamed Argonaut meeting. This discussed post war Europe and how it would have to be governed and organized. Roosevelt wanted Soviet help in the Pacific Campaign, UK wanted help with Poland, and Soviet Union wanted a bigger sphere of influence.
F.D.R- This nickname is short for Franklin Delano Roosevelt the president of the United States during most of WWII as the 32 president. His office was taken over by Truman. FDR had a good relationship with Churchill.
Dwight D. Eisenhower- US general during the war that headed the invasion of germany and france. Later became president of the United States. First Supreme commander of NATO
NATO- Short for North Atlantic Treaty Organization. It is a military alliance between european states and the U.S. It is now headquartered in Brussels.
Warsaw Pact- The Soviet's response to NATO. Warsaw pact is the organization of communist states in europe. These two warring groups eventually cause the Cold War.
Sunday, April 12, 2009
Unit 5 Terms Appeasement-Munich Agreement
Appeasement- Foreign policy used by Britain's Neville Chamberlain to the Nazis. Basically Chamberlain tried to use negotiations with the Nazis in order to prevent violence. Through the Versailles treaty, Czechloslovakia was created and took land from the Sudetenland. Hitler wanted the Sudetenland for his "Anschluss" and Chamberlain took many steps in order to prevent his attacks.
League of Nations- Set up by the Versailles treaty, the League of Nations consisted of all the different countries. Hitler got angry with the League of Nations who believed in the basic rights of man. Hitler believed that he should be able to discriminate against the Jews due to German Sovereignty. After the war, the United Nations took place of the League of Nations.
Collective Security- Collective security, simply put, is when all the countries join together to provide support for all the people part of the group. Collective security only works if a nation is acted upon forcibly, after which, the other nations protect them. The League of Nations used a basic collective security.
Neville Chamberlain- Prime minister of Britain during World War 2. He is known for his appeasement to Nazi Germany, and the signing of the Munich Agreement. Winston Churchill took his place a little after the war. Died of Cancer.
Remilitarization of the Rhineland- The Versailles treaty forbid Germany to place anything Military upon the banks of the Rhineland after WW1. After the Allies got out of the Rhineland, Hitler went and remilitarized the area.
Anschluss- Hitler wanted to unite all German peoples under this belief, so began trying to take over Austria. The socialists said they favored Austria's alliance with them in attempt to get them to stay with the Russians, however, Hitler invaded Austria and took it over by force. Later during the war, Hitler took over the Sudetenland and other in attempt for German world conquest.
Lebensraum- Lebensraum was first detailed in Hitler's Mein Kampf in which he stated his beliefs of Anschluss and how the Germanic population would need resources and land if they wished to have all the German people living together. Hitler wanted to do this by enslaving the Polish peoples and Russians through starvation which would benefit the German Bourgeosie.
Austrian Nazi Party- The group in Austria that supported all of Hitler's beliefs. Hitler used this party in Anschluss when he demanded that the leader of Austria give political control over to the Austrian Nazi Party. Eventually when Hitler invaded, power was given to these loyalists.
Austrian Plebiscite- A poll that was meant to be taken in Austria before Germany invaded Austria and took over power. The plebiscite asked the people whether they would like to have Nazi control, of which, 93% said yes. This poll was taken after Germany took over Austria and the Nazis were already in power though.
Kurt Schuschnigg- He was the Chancellor of Austria and also dictator of the Austrofascist regime. He did not like Hitler's Anschluss and tried to stray the people from believing Hitler. Unfortunately Germany invaded, and Kurt was killed in a Concentration Camp as a political prisoner.
Abyssinia Crisis- Stemmed from the Walwal incident in which Italy built a fort dangerously close to Ethiopia who, they had signed a treaty with declaring a 20 year friendship. Abyssinia is Ethiopia, and they had a political crisis with Italy. Both believed that their borders held Walwal, but when Italy made a fort there, the second Italo-Abyssinian war erupted.
Sudetenland- Absorbed into modern day Czechoslovakia and housed 3 million Germans. During Hitler's Anchluss and Lebensraum, Germany gained the support of the Germans living in Czechoslovakia and Poland and eventually took over these places politically.
Munich Agreement- An act of Appeasement signed by Chamberlain. In this Agreement, Hitler gained control of the Sudetenland and all the Germans in it. This furthered his goal of obtaining full germanic conquest.
League of Nations- Set up by the Versailles treaty, the League of Nations consisted of all the different countries. Hitler got angry with the League of Nations who believed in the basic rights of man. Hitler believed that he should be able to discriminate against the Jews due to German Sovereignty. After the war, the United Nations took place of the League of Nations.
Collective Security- Collective security, simply put, is when all the countries join together to provide support for all the people part of the group. Collective security only works if a nation is acted upon forcibly, after which, the other nations protect them. The League of Nations used a basic collective security.
Neville Chamberlain- Prime minister of Britain during World War 2. He is known for his appeasement to Nazi Germany, and the signing of the Munich Agreement. Winston Churchill took his place a little after the war. Died of Cancer.
Remilitarization of the Rhineland- The Versailles treaty forbid Germany to place anything Military upon the banks of the Rhineland after WW1. After the Allies got out of the Rhineland, Hitler went and remilitarized the area.
Anschluss- Hitler wanted to unite all German peoples under this belief, so began trying to take over Austria. The socialists said they favored Austria's alliance with them in attempt to get them to stay with the Russians, however, Hitler invaded Austria and took it over by force. Later during the war, Hitler took over the Sudetenland and other in attempt for German world conquest.
Lebensraum- Lebensraum was first detailed in Hitler's Mein Kampf in which he stated his beliefs of Anschluss and how the Germanic population would need resources and land if they wished to have all the German people living together. Hitler wanted to do this by enslaving the Polish peoples and Russians through starvation which would benefit the German Bourgeosie.
Austrian Nazi Party- The group in Austria that supported all of Hitler's beliefs. Hitler used this party in Anschluss when he demanded that the leader of Austria give political control over to the Austrian Nazi Party. Eventually when Hitler invaded, power was given to these loyalists.
Austrian Plebiscite- A poll that was meant to be taken in Austria before Germany invaded Austria and took over power. The plebiscite asked the people whether they would like to have Nazi control, of which, 93% said yes. This poll was taken after Germany took over Austria and the Nazis were already in power though.
Kurt Schuschnigg- He was the Chancellor of Austria and also dictator of the Austrofascist regime. He did not like Hitler's Anschluss and tried to stray the people from believing Hitler. Unfortunately Germany invaded, and Kurt was killed in a Concentration Camp as a political prisoner.
Abyssinia Crisis- Stemmed from the Walwal incident in which Italy built a fort dangerously close to Ethiopia who, they had signed a treaty with declaring a 20 year friendship. Abyssinia is Ethiopia, and they had a political crisis with Italy. Both believed that their borders held Walwal, but when Italy made a fort there, the second Italo-Abyssinian war erupted.
Sudetenland- Absorbed into modern day Czechoslovakia and housed 3 million Germans. During Hitler's Anchluss and Lebensraum, Germany gained the support of the Germans living in Czechoslovakia and Poland and eventually took over these places politically.
Munich Agreement- An act of Appeasement signed by Chamberlain. In this Agreement, Hitler gained control of the Sudetenland and all the Germans in it. This furthered his goal of obtaining full germanic conquest.
Monday, March 30, 2009
Nazism Vs. Fascism
1. Both Italian Fascism and German Nazism focused on rebuilding the economy and expanding to gain back the land they had lost in the war.
2. Both have supreme rulers who decide what is best for the country.
3. Both have an extreme sense of nationalism.
4. Both have been given the raw end of the stick in accordance to the Versailles treaty.
5. Both leaders were amazing orators and, through a simple nationalistic speech, get you to do anything.
1. I think that Fascism would appeal to younger audiences more because it focuses more upon the political part than the ethical part...like killing jews.
2. Fascism focuses more on nationalism and causes extreme militarism and I think that is the only downfall the Italians might have had with it. Also, this militarism would only hurt the economy because there would be no workers.
3. The eradication of the Jews definitely. I am sure there were many Germans who felt that the Eradication of the jews was unnecessary, but the power of Hitler forced them to quiet themselves.
2. Both have supreme rulers who decide what is best for the country.
3. Both have an extreme sense of nationalism.
4. Both have been given the raw end of the stick in accordance to the Versailles treaty.
5. Both leaders were amazing orators and, through a simple nationalistic speech, get you to do anything.
1. I think that Fascism would appeal to younger audiences more because it focuses more upon the political part than the ethical part...like killing jews.
2. Fascism focuses more on nationalism and causes extreme militarism and I think that is the only downfall the Italians might have had with it. Also, this militarism would only hurt the economy because there would be no workers.
3. The eradication of the Jews definitely. I am sure there were many Germans who felt that the Eradication of the jews was unnecessary, but the power of Hitler forced them to quiet themselves.
Fascism Notes
Germany Notes
-No dictator, government was Weimar Republic
-President above chancellor, above Reichstag
-Hitler part of National Socialist Worker Party
-places other nazis into Reichstag
-enough nazis to vote hitler into power as chancellor
-prez dies, hitler takes advantage becomes president/supreme ruler
-Propaganda, censorship of media, history, religion, sports, music
-banned Unions "unequal"
-controls army forms SS
-hitler promotes eradication of jewz
Italy Notes
-Versailles Treaty: italy feels left out from the spoils, get pissed off
-gov loses control over people, people are angry
-Benito Mussolini with Black Shirts march on rome
-King gives Benito Secretary to ensure there is no fighting (backed by Pope duh)
-afraid of civil war
-keeps CAPITALIST ECONOMY
1. After both rulers come into power, Hitler forces people to do what he wants, while Mussolini already has public backing and doesn't need to force them to do anything.
2. Italy keeps Capitalist economy while Germany does not.
3. Italy's economy was ruined from fighting in the war rather from losing it.
4. Hitler used his speeches in order to gain popularity, while Benito used his force in order to gain power.
5. In Germany, Hitler banned religion while in Italy, religion was used to gain power in Mussolini's case
-No dictator, government was Weimar Republic
-President above chancellor, above Reichstag
-Hitler part of National Socialist Worker Party
-places other nazis into Reichstag
-enough nazis to vote hitler into power as chancellor
-prez dies, hitler takes advantage becomes president/supreme ruler
-Propaganda, censorship of media, history, religion, sports, music
-banned Unions "unequal"
-controls army forms SS
-hitler promotes eradication of jewz
Italy Notes
-Versailles Treaty: italy feels left out from the spoils, get pissed off
-gov loses control over people, people are angry
-Benito Mussolini with Black Shirts march on rome
-King gives Benito Secretary to ensure there is no fighting (backed by Pope duh)
-afraid of civil war
-keeps CAPITALIST ECONOMY
1. After both rulers come into power, Hitler forces people to do what he wants, while Mussolini already has public backing and doesn't need to force them to do anything.
2. Italy keeps Capitalist economy while Germany does not.
3. Italy's economy was ruined from fighting in the war rather from losing it.
4. Hitler used his speeches in order to gain popularity, while Benito used his force in order to gain power.
5. In Germany, Hitler banned religion while in Italy, religion was used to gain power in Mussolini's case
Sunday, March 15, 2009
Lenin's Death & Aftermath
Part 1
1. He was the leader of the Bolsheviks and placed them into power.
2. Famine, protests, Civil War, and Epidemics.
3. Both Lenin and Robespierre were radicals, and the deaths of the two pushed their revolutions farther. However, Stalin used Lenin's death as a way of getting into power.
4. I do not think it would have worked. People followed behind Lenin because he was a good speaker and popular, however Stalin and Trotsky might have had the same effect but not to the same degree.
Part 2
1. Lenin is afraid that the two parties will split and that the Central Committee will come crashing down.
2. Lenin believes that Trotsky will become too preoccupied with the Administrative side of his job rather than the theory of Marxism.
3. Lenin thinks that Stalin is powerhungry and believes that the Public will not support him.
4. Lenin was leaning towards Trotsky to become leader of Russia. He continually says that Trotsky was very capable, just a little too obsessed with his work. I would have chosen neither and instead picked Bukharin because Lenin obviously liked how his theories were put together and saw his loyalty. However, he was not a good public speaker.
1. He was the leader of the Bolsheviks and placed them into power.
2. Famine, protests, Civil War, and Epidemics.
3. Both Lenin and Robespierre were radicals, and the deaths of the two pushed their revolutions farther. However, Stalin used Lenin's death as a way of getting into power.
4. I do not think it would have worked. People followed behind Lenin because he was a good speaker and popular, however Stalin and Trotsky might have had the same effect but not to the same degree.
Part 2
1. Lenin is afraid that the two parties will split and that the Central Committee will come crashing down.
2. Lenin believes that Trotsky will become too preoccupied with the Administrative side of his job rather than the theory of Marxism.
3. Lenin thinks that Stalin is powerhungry and believes that the Public will not support him.
4. Lenin was leaning towards Trotsky to become leader of Russia. He continually says that Trotsky was very capable, just a little too obsessed with his work. I would have chosen neither and instead picked Bukharin because Lenin obviously liked how his theories were put together and saw his loyalty. However, he was not a good public speaker.
Monday, February 16, 2009
WWI Propaganda
This piece of propaganda shows American men that if they join the air force, they will have fun flying planes over a beautiful and peaceful France. This is shown through use of commentary, flags, and tags.
Wilson's Fourteen Points
1. I think this cartoon is trying to show that all of America's European allies had the U.S's arms tied and pretty much forced us into joining the war.
2.
Point 1- American citizens would be able to know what was going on in other countries' government.
Point 2- Reduce the amount of casualties due to naval warfare in coming wars. Also allow neutral/isolated countries to continue trade as usual without hurting economy.
Point 3- Allow countries like America to practice fair trade with allying countries.
Point 4- Countries will only be able to have a certain amount of armaments so as not to cause militarism.
Point 5- An impartial group will determine whether a country will be able to set up a colony and for what reasons.
Point 6- Allow Russia to be allied with the League of Nations.
Point 7- Help out Belgium to fix their government and economy.
Point 8- Help France to fix what happened between them and Prussia.
Point 9- Determine Italy's new political boundaries.
Point 10- Help out Austria-Hungary to create better government and economy.
Point 11- Allow many countries like Romania, Serbia and Montenegro the same rule of the waves as we currently have.
Point 12- We have to allow all the countries under Turkey's rule necessary human rights and allow many of the straits to have passage for commerce ships.
Point 13- Erect an independant polish state that will not be governed by Germany.
Point 14- Create a force of nations to work as a whole to fix things.
2.
Point 1- American citizens would be able to know what was going on in other countries' government.
Point 2- Reduce the amount of casualties due to naval warfare in coming wars. Also allow neutral/isolated countries to continue trade as usual without hurting economy.
Point 3- Allow countries like America to practice fair trade with allying countries.
Point 4- Countries will only be able to have a certain amount of armaments so as not to cause militarism.
Point 5- An impartial group will determine whether a country will be able to set up a colony and for what reasons.
Point 6- Allow Russia to be allied with the League of Nations.
Point 7- Help out Belgium to fix their government and economy.
Point 8- Help France to fix what happened between them and Prussia.
Point 9- Determine Italy's new political boundaries.
Point 10- Help out Austria-Hungary to create better government and economy.
Point 11- Allow many countries like Romania, Serbia and Montenegro the same rule of the waves as we currently have.
Point 12- We have to allow all the countries under Turkey's rule necessary human rights and allow many of the straits to have passage for commerce ships.
Point 13- Erect an independant polish state that will not be governed by Germany.
Point 14- Create a force of nations to work as a whole to fix things.
Sunday, January 11, 2009
The Four Feathers Movienight
“God has endowed the British race with a worldwide empire that
they may execute His sovereign purpose in the world. The victories you will have over the heathens are the victories of the nobler soul in man.”
1. Basically, the priest/general is explaining what Kipling means in his poem "White Man's Burden". The British believe that it is what god wants them to do and that is why they shall execute what he is asking for. Otherwise, what they are doing would be against god's will. I think this quote was valid at that time, because all of these world powers were very religious and I think that everything they did was justified by their vision of god.
“I sometimes wonder what a godforsaken desert in the middle of nowhere
has to do with Her Majesty the queen.”
2. Harry is questioning the idea of colonization because first, he doesn't want to get sent off to war, but also because he believes that the army could do better somewhere else. Harry is looking at this different because he has just gotten engaged to Kate Hudson, and really doesn't want to fight. This causes him to quit the Miitary.
"Avoid drinking local water and spirits "avoid local barrooms and
brothels and, above all, remember, you're a Christian soldier."
3. This handout the soldier is reading makes Africa seem like a place where they poisoned your water, and nobody was to be trusted. In actuality, Harry made friends with Abu, and he did not poison his water. Once again, this quote attempts to explain how the soldiers are soldiers of Christ rather than the queen.
“They're like children. They have no concept of gratitude or loyalty.
That's something you British don't understand. You come here, trying to civilize them with your Christian values.”
4. This quote makes the Africans seem very primitive and stupid, however as seen later in the movie, they are very smart and formulate strategic plans. It also tells Harry that these people do not want to change their religion, and their god doesn't force them to do anything.
“You English walk too proudly on the earth.”
5. Abu means that all Englishmen walk as if they were Christ themselves, and does not believe that these men can get away with murder. I think that this statement is stereotypical, and all Africans looked at all English this way. I don't think Abu agrees with the British, nor does he agree with the Radical Africans either.
Critical Thinking
Well, one reason the boy didn't drop his gun was because he couldn't speak English!!!!!!!! Wow what an idiot, however I would have shot the kid too if he was reloading his gun right in front of me. I believe that Jack should have felt remorse for killing the boy, but he did the right thing for his own self preservation. I think the people threw rocks at Jack because to them it seemed like Jack was the bad guy, while through the British lens, the sniper kid was the bad guy. I think this language barrier was very important in the Scramble for Africa.
they may execute His sovereign purpose in the world. The victories you will have over the heathens are the victories of the nobler soul in man.”
1. Basically, the priest/general is explaining what Kipling means in his poem "White Man's Burden". The British believe that it is what god wants them to do and that is why they shall execute what he is asking for. Otherwise, what they are doing would be against god's will. I think this quote was valid at that time, because all of these world powers were very religious and I think that everything they did was justified by their vision of god.
“I sometimes wonder what a godforsaken desert in the middle of nowhere
has to do with Her Majesty the queen.”
2. Harry is questioning the idea of colonization because first, he doesn't want to get sent off to war, but also because he believes that the army could do better somewhere else. Harry is looking at this different because he has just gotten engaged to Kate Hudson, and really doesn't want to fight. This causes him to quit the Miitary.
"Avoid drinking local water and spirits "avoid local barrooms and
brothels and, above all, remember, you're a Christian soldier."
3. This handout the soldier is reading makes Africa seem like a place where they poisoned your water, and nobody was to be trusted. In actuality, Harry made friends with Abu, and he did not poison his water. Once again, this quote attempts to explain how the soldiers are soldiers of Christ rather than the queen.
“They're like children. They have no concept of gratitude or loyalty.
That's something you British don't understand. You come here, trying to civilize them with your Christian values.”
4. This quote makes the Africans seem very primitive and stupid, however as seen later in the movie, they are very smart and formulate strategic plans. It also tells Harry that these people do not want to change their religion, and their god doesn't force them to do anything.
“You English walk too proudly on the earth.”
5. Abu means that all Englishmen walk as if they were Christ themselves, and does not believe that these men can get away with murder. I think that this statement is stereotypical, and all Africans looked at all English this way. I don't think Abu agrees with the British, nor does he agree with the Radical Africans either.
Critical Thinking
Well, one reason the boy didn't drop his gun was because he couldn't speak English!!!!!!!! Wow what an idiot, however I would have shot the kid too if he was reloading his gun right in front of me. I believe that Jack should have felt remorse for killing the boy, but he did the right thing for his own self preservation. I think the people threw rocks at Jack because to them it seemed like Jack was the bad guy, while through the British lens, the sniper kid was the bad guy. I think this language barrier was very important in the Scramble for Africa.
Sunday, January 4, 2009
Motives for British Imperialism
1. Slavery was in decline because it was a goal of foreign policy because slavery was not economically sound. Many people believed in philanthropy to help new people since slavery had been abolished.
2. Halstead disregards ideology and also in the introduction paragraph he rules out national security as well. This is because national security was not high up in the foreign policy. And ideology was removed to simplify imperialism.
3. Halstead believed that imperialism was a method of foreign policy, while others believed it had to do with money, trade, national security, monarchy, and religion.
4. Halstead finalizes that he believes that imperialism was something that had to be done under new foreign policies, and had to do with nothing else.
2. Halstead disregards ideology and also in the introduction paragraph he rules out national security as well. This is because national security was not high up in the foreign policy. And ideology was removed to simplify imperialism.
3. Halstead believed that imperialism was a method of foreign policy, while others believed it had to do with money, trade, national security, monarchy, and religion.
4. Halstead finalizes that he believes that imperialism was something that had to be done under new foreign policies, and had to do with nothing else.
White Man's Burden
1. Kipling means that it is the Europeans job to take care of these different primitive peoples and it is what god would want them to do.
2. Kipling justifies imperialism by stating that it is needed to spread freedom and it is the word of god.
3. Many people were into this idea because they were "helping out" these primitive people who couldn't fend for themselves.
4. Religion was used over justification for money and all that stuff because it was something that everybody at the time believed in and it detoured the people away from the money.
2. Kipling justifies imperialism by stating that it is needed to spread freedom and it is the word of god.
3. Many people were into this idea because they were "helping out" these primitive people who couldn't fend for themselves.
4. Religion was used over justification for money and all that stuff because it was something that everybody at the time believed in and it detoured the people away from the money.
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